b'Synthesis of nanocompositeNew cementitious and phase change materials are set to polymer material forrevolutionize the thermal energy storage industry.thermal storage T he continual expansion of renewable energies and the electrification of industrial and residential sectors has promoted the need for long duration energy storage, load shifting, and energy security. Thermal energy storage using inexpensive and prevalent material is a vital to continue expanding sustainable energy technologies. This work produced two technologies, Thermogenic Cement and Smart Rocks. Both technologies were developed to increase the effective electrical capacity for thermal storage systems while decreasing the effective size PROJECT NUMBER: and cost for scalable applications. Thermogenic Cement uses a three-phase system21A1050-002FP of complimentary materials to enhance the thermodynamic capabilities of cement, TOTAL APPROVED AMOUNT:enabling increased energy density, storage duration, and high temperature stability. $1,028,637 over 3 years The three-layer Thermogenic Cement sphere was heated to 800C and showed a higher energy density than current thermal energy storage technologies at 3.0 x106 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR:J/kgC. The tradeoff between thermal conductivity and thermal capacity for most Catherine Riddle phase change materials is important to the development of thermal energy storage CO-INVESTIGATOR: applications. Smart Rocks uses the thermal conductivity of paraffin wax, a phase Joshua McNally, INL change material, enhanced by adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles to the matrix. The thermal capacity of the phase change material is increased by using calcium sulfate as a secondary encasement and a final stainless steel outer shell for stability surrounding the paraffin/nanoparticle core. The multilayer sphere with a paraffin/nanoparticle core was heated between 100150C for 30 minutes. The multilayer unit was observed to have a thermal conductivity value higher than paraffin wax alone. The highest thermal conductivity was obtained with a 70% paraffin wax/20% titanium dioxide or zinc sulfide nanoparticle/10% calcium sulfate composition and the value was found to be 16.7 W/m K. The highest thermal capacity was found to be 2.9 x 10 6J/kgC.74'